ISLAMABAD: In a significant development for Pakistan’s nuclear energy sector, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) board of governors unanimously approved an agreement to apply safeguards at Unit 5 of the Chashma nuclear power plant. This decision was announced on Wednesday by Pakistan’s Foreign Office, emphasizing the global community’s trust in Pakistan’s dedication to the peaceful use of nuclear technology and its strict adherence to international non-proliferation commitments.
The Foreign Office highlighted that this milestone reflects the confidence placed by the international community in Pakistan’s nuclear safety protocols and regulatory framework. Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar shared the statement on X, underscoring the importance of this endorsement as a testament to Pakistan’s responsible nuclear program. The new Unit 5, with a planned gross capacity of 1,200 megawatts, is projected to be operational by 2030, marking a major step forward in the country’s energy infrastructure.
Once completed, Chashma Unit-5 is expected to significantly bolster Pakistan’s national grid by providing a reliable source of low-carbon electricity. This addition will not only enhance energy security but also support Pakistan’s broader climate objectives and sustainable economic development goals. The expansion aligns with the government’s strategy to diversify energy sources and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, thereby contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Currently, Pakistan operates six nuclear power plants with a combined installed capacity of 3,530 megawatts. These facilities maintain an impressive average capacity factor exceeding 90%, reflecting efficient and consistent performance. Over the past year, nuclear energy contributed 18.3% to the country’s total electricity generation, accounting for 34% of all low-carbon power produced nationwide. This data underscores the vital role nuclear power plays in Pakistan’s energy mix and its commitment to clean energy solutions.
With over 100 reactor-years of operational experience, Pakistan has established a robust safety record in managing nuclear power plants. The country’s nuclear operations adhere strictly to international safety, security, and safeguards standards, ensuring that all activities are conducted responsibly and transparently. This strong track record has been instrumental in gaining the trust of global nuclear regulatory bodies and partners.
Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar described the IAEA’s approval as a landmark achievement for Pakistan’s energy future. He emphasized that the decision highlights international confidence in Pakistan’s nuclear safety, security measures, nonproliferation efforts, and peaceful use of nuclear technology. This endorsement not only strengthens Pakistan’s position on the global nuclear stage but also encourages further development of its civilian nuclear energy program.
It is important to note that IAEA safeguards are legally binding agreements designed to ensure that nuclear materials are not diverted to non-peaceful uses. While most member states accept these safeguards under the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), Pakistan, along with India and Israel, implements them through item-specific agreements with the agency. This framework allows the IAEA to monitor and verify nuclear activities in these countries, maintaining global nuclear security and nonproliferation objectives.
The recent approval follows Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s official visit to Vienna last month, where he met with IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi. During this high-level meeting, the Prime Minister reaffirmed Pakistan’s unwavering support for the IAEA’s mission to promote the safe and responsible use of nuclear technology worldwide. Additionally, an agreement was signed to designate the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology (INMOL) in Lahore as an IAEA collaborating centre, further strengthening Pakistan’s cooperation with the agency in nuclear medicine and oncology research.
Director General Grossi expressed his appreciation for the Prime Minister’s visit, stating on X that it underscored Pakistan’s commitment to the peaceful and secure application of nuclear technology. His visit to the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant last February included an inspection of the ongoing construction of Unit 5, which is set to expand the plant’s capacity and capabilities. Currently, four CNP-300 reactors are operational at Chashma, contributing significantly to the country’s electricity supply.
This development not only marks a pivotal moment in Pakistan’s nuclear energy journey but also reinforces the country’s role as a responsible nuclear power committed to international norms and sustainable growth. The successful implementation of safeguards at Chashma Unit-5 will serve as a model for future nuclear projects, ensuring that Pakistan continues to meet its energy needs while upholding global safety and nonproliferation standards.
